CDR Sal, very good points on the timelines (long) and level of effort (considerable) to make this action plan a reality. Action plans / roadmaps define the "what" as in "what needs to be done" with a healthy dose of "when" (as in how long) this should take (milestones). I'll take your word for this document doing that. Now, the "devil is in the details"...the "how" you make the "what" happen (implementation plan). Rebuilding our ship building and munitions / logistics capability is a potentially huge dual / multipurpose positive impact on our economy as we create the industrial capacity to support it and train the workforce to man it. This will span multiple administrations if it is executed, but the potential benefits for national security and economic growth are (as you note) genuine. The relationship between economic growth and national security is much underappreciated. Here's hoping we get the right folks running it.
Preach it Brother! If acted on quickly, especially the Pillar 1 (geographical diversity), increasing shipbuilding contributions on the Lakes and the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers could significantly expand Congressional districts with a stake at the table and expand the caucus. It must be done quickly though or the opportunity will be lost.
The legs of this plan depend largely on what we're trying to accomplish.
The maritime industry is driven by four factors: cheap hulls, cheap crews, low operating costs, and flags of convenience. A US-flagged merchant fleet built by US shipyards, using US workforces and supply chains, and crewed by US citizens to deliver US goods in a competitive market is a non-starter.
It's worth remembering that the late 1800s and post-WW-II heydays of US merchant fleet dominance were driven by our alignment with many of those four factors. We lost our competitive edge as the last maritime man standing after WWII by refusing to recapitalize our merchant fleet amid new and growing competition.
Against that, we do want the foundations of shipbuilding to avoid market shocks and serve as a baseline for surge efforts and greater competitiveness moving forward. The key is creating enough demand to support the capacity we seek to build - even if we're willing to artificially subsidize that capacity.
So, how does everyone see the demand side being supported? In the same way we want US labor producing high-end products, not rubber ducks, we want our US crews earning high wages for their hard work.
To deal with 2 obvious problem birds with one stone....
Recapitalize the MSC and Ready Reserve Fleets. The Other Sal has argued in the event of a big Pacific war, we're going to need about 100 tankers to get fuel close to the fight. Likewise, a bunch of container vessels for non-fuel logistics. And then ships that actually take those supplies to the combat zone.
So start buying American built tankers and freighters at a minimum of 2 a year; it will take a couple years just to replace currently enrolled ships, let alone build up spares.
Great article! Spot on. You absolutely nailed the timeline - think in terms of a decade, minimum. Like you stated, it takes a total commitment, Republican and Democrat to make it work. My biggest concern is we don't seem to put much thought into fundamental change/reorganization within the Department. I'm not confident we even know what we need to build. It's a Helter Skelter strategy when it comes to ships.
Good stuff, but this administration isn't big on hard work, careful planning, or follow-through. Just look at trade policy. Solid tariffs based on careful analysis and given permanence by Congress? Nope. Multilateral trade agreements like Reagan's Plaza Accords (bilateral agreements don't do much in a multilateral world)? Nope. Articulated industrial policy supported by concrete government initiatives? Nope.
Trump likes to declare a big, beautiful, golden victory at the end of the first quarter. Then, he moves on to the next quick media score. The rest of the game has to be played by others without the necessary authority or gravitas. It'll likely be the same here.
"This should be a thoroughly non-partisan effort. All sides “win” with a strong maritime industrial base, well capitalized national merchant marine..."
Translated: "HEY DUMMYCRATS! There's barrels of local pork and union jobs in your district here! Don't be stupid! Get on board with this!"
Good example of how every good topic here invariably deteriorates at some point from discussion for action items into blame assessment banality, usually code tagging antipathy toward Democrats. The focus here is a phoenix plan to rise the merchant marine from the ashes of its disrepair through long term collegiality of purpose.
I'm a Big Fan of Sal's emphasis on the nuts & bolts of USN stuff. But, and there's always a "but," think of successful change -- it's always (?) driven by simple big ideas from the top responding to or driving a surge of demand from the bottom. MAGA did that. And Jimmy Carter, IMO, seemed to think promising specifics were self-evident even if complicated whereas Reagan had just a few ideas that resonated with the public. Lyndon Johnson was a passionate, master politician on the domestic front and harnessed much of the public that's taken nearly 60 years to unwind. Think of all that had to happen before we got the EPA, and much further back, Pure Food and Drug Laws. In short, shouting from the sidelines is fun, informative and ineffective. Why doesn't Sal lead an effort to re-energize the Navy League to arouse the public like Sinclair Lewis did with "The Jungle." YMMV.
Nonpartisan in Washington, DC. Seriously? As I type Senator Schumer has just defunded the Coast Guard.
As I see it the administration is trying to create the foundations of a revitalized maritime sector. So far so good.
I would also emphasize the demand side.
That would include eliminating flag of convenience. Requiring an increasing percentage of ships to meet Jones Act requirements if they want to do business in the United States. Restrict foreign vessels in our EEZ especially fishing. Etc.
I have an idea! Raise admissions standards at universities and re-direct the huge pool of misled, under-educated high school students into vocational schools and trades that teach job skills, rather than provide four years of entertainment and piles of student loan debt.
The student loan debt lies mostly with the professionals you will need in the course of your life. Quit buying the lie. (History/Poli Sci double major with minors in East Asian Studies and Naval Science. Paid my loans off in 2 years.)
Doctoral and professional degrees in health-related fields carry the highest student loan debt, with Pharmacy, Dental, and Medical school graduates often owing over
to
. Top high-debt fields include Pharmacy (Ph.D.), Veterinary Medicine, Dentistry, and Juris Doctor (Law) programs. Professional doctorates in these fields are often the slowest to repay, averaging 15–20 years.
Top High-Debt Graduate/Professional Degrees
Pharmacy (Ph.D./Pharm.D.): Frequently the highest, with median debt often exceeding
.
Dentistry (DDS/DMD): Graduates can incur nearly
to over
in debt.
Medicine (MD/DO): Average debt ranges from
to
.
Veterinary Medicine (DVM): Debt loads often reach approximately
.
Law (Juris Doctorate): Often exceeds
to
.
Psychology & Mental Health (Ph.D.): Doctoral degrees in psychology or mental health services frequently exceed
I was self-funding in medical school, as was my daughter. She also got a full ride scholarship to Stanford, so instead of paying for her education I bought her a house and car.
(My son got a full ride too - USAFA, class of 2000. He got a house too. And a car.)
But most medical students I've dealt with had (back then) $100k or near it in undergrad debt, then medical school can easily reach $300k these days. So young doctors when they get their first job (as a resident, making under $60-70k these days, and not having either a license (need at least one year of post-grad training) or time for a side job, they need to live....while working 100 hours a week.
Now, most residencies are longer than 3 years, some can go 12. Then they start making decent money (depending on specialty, $150k and up), and have a half-million in unpaid loans to pay off.
They can decide after 12 or more years of education (college, med school, residency) to start living, or start paying down their loans. Most take a 20-25 year plan to pay them off.
Medical residency training is funded through medicare, and they set the numbers. It's been that way for a pretty long time (since 1965), and they set the pay (which is mostly the same across the country, slight changes based on area costs). When I was a resident I was getting paid around $20k a year, 40 years later it starts at $60k (look up PGY-1 salaries for current numbers).
Now, within that, medical students apply for residencies at various teaching hospitals that are approved for the specialty they want, and through an arcane and obscure process called the National Match (Match day is coming up next month!) they are selected or not. My specialty (Emergency Medicine) always had more applicants than slots, until just a couple of years ago.
Almost all applicants can get a slot doing SOMETHING, SOMEWHERE, the lower valued specialties (primary care/peds/psych/internal medicine, usually) almost always have some slots begging. The Match has a scramble day to let those who didn't get selected find themselves a slot.
Students spend some time in their third and fourth years interviewing at various programs, depending on their transcripts, medical board scores (step 1) letters of recommendation, interview evals, school, etc they are selected or not.
Generally, US grad students are selected before FMG (Foreign Medical Grads), which are selected before foreign physicians desiring to move. Since the selection is dependent at least in part on the medical board scores it's fairly equitable.
All that is after the expense of getting the degrees in the first place.
How does that cost compare prior to the Obama college loans?
How many foreign nationals...and or other self funded folks such as your daughter in those programs...versus the US kids expecting to make it all happen with loans?
"We don't even know exactly, but at least 300,000 Chinese nationals are studying at universities in the United States," Cortes said. "First, they're taking opportunities from American young people at these really selective schools. There are a finite number of spots."
Professions with the highest student loan debt 10 years after graduation are dominated by specialized medical and legal fields requiring advanced degrees, often exceeding $200,000–$500,000+ in debt. Top roles include orthodontists, oral surgeons, and other dental specialists, followed by physicians, veterinarians, and lawyers, according to Student Loan Planner and SoFi.
SoFi
SoFi
+3
Highest Debt Professions (10+ Years Post-Graduation):
Orthodontists: Average debt often exceeds $600,000, with monthly payments reaching over $6,600.
Oral Surgeons & Periodontists: Average debt for these dental specialists ranges from $580,000 to nearly $600,000.
Physicians & Surgeons: Medical school graduates often carry $250,000–$400,000 in debt.
Veterinarians: Average debt is approximately $179,505, often leading to high debt-to-income stress.
Pharmacists: PhDs in Pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences have median debts often exceeding $300,000.
Lawyers: Law school graduates frequently carry $120,000–$200,000+ in debt.
The problem for vets is certain areas don't have enough steady work to support one while paying off what they owe.
And pharmacy used to be a 5-year BS plus 1500 hours residency, which could be done as a pharmacy technician, so you could eat. That's all been changed.
But politicians will just complain about the educational-industrial complex, they won't really take it on and change it.
Local talk host used to say pharmacist as one of the jobs worth being in debt for. Local pharmacist called in and told him how it's changed. 3 more years of schooling plus the unpaid internship. Like I said, it needs to change, but politicians won't want to give up the issue of complaining about colleges.
Yeah, pharmacy used to be a bastion of free market capitalism. The town pharmacist owned his own business, and ran it on his own.
That ended 30 or more years ago. Very few such pharmacists still exist, and they generally have some specialty: Compounding (mixing drugs on site) is one such.
Now it's mostly corporations, because they have the market ability to get good pricing on drugs through large purchases. Walmart and Costco are the largest, probably: But they don't do compounding and odds are you'll never see a D. Pharm.
My wife did retail pharmacy for a few years but mostly was hospital based, and she particularly liked compounding. That meant she had a salary and didn't have to 'run the business'.
Excellent points and yes, requires actual follow through to achieve. Something the political and military class aren't good at. Unless this is approached as "needs to be done yesterday " it will take many years to bear fruit. I don't think we have years.
Modern Americans just don't realize how Maritime this land is.
Of course, the early colonial period sea voyages are well known, but how many know that ages before then...Back when the original "Founders' first stole this land...
New Evidence Suggests the First Americans Didn’t Walk From Siberia—They Sailed From Japan
While more evidence is needed to link paleo-Americans to Japan, it is possible that they came by boat instead of crossing the Bering Land Bridge as previously thought.
We have more than 8 yards that can build a ship over 400 feet and we have innumerable others that can build smaller craft like the MASC ships. We need our annual shipbuilding surveys back and made public. Let someone who gets paid do it. I'll get burnt out trying to do so.
🇺🇲 🗽 KPS 🔔 ⚙️ 🧭 ⚓
CDR Sal, very good points on the timelines (long) and level of effort (considerable) to make this action plan a reality. Action plans / roadmaps define the "what" as in "what needs to be done" with a healthy dose of "when" (as in how long) this should take (milestones). I'll take your word for this document doing that. Now, the "devil is in the details"...the "how" you make the "what" happen (implementation plan). Rebuilding our ship building and munitions / logistics capability is a potentially huge dual / multipurpose positive impact on our economy as we create the industrial capacity to support it and train the workforce to man it. This will span multiple administrations if it is executed, but the potential benefits for national security and economic growth are (as you note) genuine. The relationship between economic growth and national security is much underappreciated. Here's hoping we get the right folks running it.
Biggest problem will be sustaining funding and enthusiasm through our 2-year election cycles.
Preach it Brother! If acted on quickly, especially the Pillar 1 (geographical diversity), increasing shipbuilding contributions on the Lakes and the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers could significantly expand Congressional districts with a stake at the table and expand the caucus. It must be done quickly though or the opportunity will be lost.
But SO much inertia to get quick into it quickly. ***sigh*** I really want to be optimistic.
You nailed the missing piece. Our proposed SEAS Act is specifically designed to answer that implementation gap
— happy to share the framework.--Bill
Also need to make the Merchant Marine a Uniformed Service. That might get Congress to pay a little bit more attention to it.
Do we really want to saddle it with that kind of a bureaucracy layer?
Would prefer not, but needs drive musts.
Please no, we have enough self-imposed bureaucracy.
The legs of this plan depend largely on what we're trying to accomplish.
The maritime industry is driven by four factors: cheap hulls, cheap crews, low operating costs, and flags of convenience. A US-flagged merchant fleet built by US shipyards, using US workforces and supply chains, and crewed by US citizens to deliver US goods in a competitive market is a non-starter.
It's worth remembering that the late 1800s and post-WW-II heydays of US merchant fleet dominance were driven by our alignment with many of those four factors. We lost our competitive edge as the last maritime man standing after WWII by refusing to recapitalize our merchant fleet amid new and growing competition.
Against that, we do want the foundations of shipbuilding to avoid market shocks and serve as a baseline for surge efforts and greater competitiveness moving forward. The key is creating enough demand to support the capacity we seek to build - even if we're willing to artificially subsidize that capacity.
So, how does everyone see the demand side being supported? In the same way we want US labor producing high-end products, not rubber ducks, we want our US crews earning high wages for their hard work.
How do we do that?
That is why tariffs and other forms of protection are needed. Alexander Hamilton should guide us not the shills of free trade.
To deal with 2 obvious problem birds with one stone....
Recapitalize the MSC and Ready Reserve Fleets. The Other Sal has argued in the event of a big Pacific war, we're going to need about 100 tankers to get fuel close to the fight. Likewise, a bunch of container vessels for non-fuel logistics. And then ships that actually take those supplies to the combat zone.
So start buying American built tankers and freighters at a minimum of 2 a year; it will take a couple years just to replace currently enrolled ships, let alone build up spares.
Agreed. Guarantee long term contracts for many ships and they will be built.
Great article! Spot on. You absolutely nailed the timeline - think in terms of a decade, minimum. Like you stated, it takes a total commitment, Republican and Democrat to make it work. My biggest concern is we don't seem to put much thought into fundamental change/reorganization within the Department. I'm not confident we even know what we need to build. It's a Helter Skelter strategy when it comes to ships.
R/, Gunner
Good stuff, but this administration isn't big on hard work, careful planning, or follow-through. Just look at trade policy. Solid tariffs based on careful analysis and given permanence by Congress? Nope. Multilateral trade agreements like Reagan's Plaza Accords (bilateral agreements don't do much in a multilateral world)? Nope. Articulated industrial policy supported by concrete government initiatives? Nope.
Trump likes to declare a big, beautiful, golden victory at the end of the first quarter. Then, he moves on to the next quick media score. The rest of the game has to be played by others without the necessary authority or gravitas. It'll likely be the same here.
I would like to discuss this topic with you when you have time. I have some ideas I'd like to run by you. gunnerdeniz@gmail.com
"This should be a thoroughly non-partisan effort. All sides “win” with a strong maritime industrial base, well capitalized national merchant marine..."
Translated: "HEY DUMMYCRATS! There's barrels of local pork and union jobs in your district here! Don't be stupid! Get on board with this!"
Good example of how every good topic here invariably deteriorates at some point from discussion for action items into blame assessment banality, usually code tagging antipathy toward Democrats. The focus here is a phoenix plan to rise the merchant marine from the ashes of its disrepair through long term collegiality of purpose.
Make it so.
Accurate blame placement is a prerequisite for avoiding future mistakes.
Only in Coyote/Roadrunner cartoons.
I'm a Big Fan of Sal's emphasis on the nuts & bolts of USN stuff. But, and there's always a "but," think of successful change -- it's always (?) driven by simple big ideas from the top responding to or driving a surge of demand from the bottom. MAGA did that. And Jimmy Carter, IMO, seemed to think promising specifics were self-evident even if complicated whereas Reagan had just a few ideas that resonated with the public. Lyndon Johnson was a passionate, master politician on the domestic front and harnessed much of the public that's taken nearly 60 years to unwind. Think of all that had to happen before we got the EPA, and much further back, Pure Food and Drug Laws. In short, shouting from the sidelines is fun, informative and ineffective. Why doesn't Sal lead an effort to re-energize the Navy League to arouse the public like Sinclair Lewis did with "The Jungle." YMMV.
Good perspective from the other Sal...
https://x.com/mercoglianos/status/2023738007870648761?s=20
Nonpartisan in Washington, DC. Seriously? As I type Senator Schumer has just defunded the Coast Guard.
As I see it the administration is trying to create the foundations of a revitalized maritime sector. So far so good.
I would also emphasize the demand side.
That would include eliminating flag of convenience. Requiring an increasing percentage of ships to meet Jones Act requirements if they want to do business in the United States. Restrict foreign vessels in our EEZ especially fishing. Etc.
It is a start... hopefully folks in Congress get on the legislation part.
I have an idea! Raise admissions standards at universities and re-direct the huge pool of misled, under-educated high school students into vocational schools and trades that teach job skills, rather than provide four years of entertainment and piles of student loan debt.
The student loan debt lies mostly with the professionals you will need in the course of your life. Quit buying the lie. (History/Poli Sci double major with minors in East Asian Studies and Naval Science. Paid my loans off in 2 years.)
Doctoral and professional degrees in health-related fields carry the highest student loan debt, with Pharmacy, Dental, and Medical school graduates often owing over
to
. Top high-debt fields include Pharmacy (Ph.D.), Veterinary Medicine, Dentistry, and Juris Doctor (Law) programs. Professional doctorates in these fields are often the slowest to repay, averaging 15–20 years.
Top High-Debt Graduate/Professional Degrees
Pharmacy (Ph.D./Pharm.D.): Frequently the highest, with median debt often exceeding
.
Dentistry (DDS/DMD): Graduates can incur nearly
to over
in debt.
Medicine (MD/DO): Average debt ranges from
to
.
Veterinary Medicine (DVM): Debt loads often reach approximately
.
Law (Juris Doctorate): Often exceeds
to
.
Psychology & Mental Health (Ph.D.): Doctoral degrees in psychology or mental health services frequently exceed
–
.
Folks in those professions don't stay saddled with the debt for decades Andy.
The scam hits those in the fluff fields that way too many are lured into.
Or the field is legit, the training isn't. Lots of tech school grads found out they didn't get training for the job the hard way.
My A&P school was like that...
But I did get a ticket, and then went on to do some real OJT.
Big difference with that though, was that:
1. My license made me employable. I don't sling wrenches these days, but I do make up in the six figures.
2. I wasn't saddled with a six figure debt.
Thats the key difference with the 'Higher' education scam.
Oh, yes they do. By choice, mostly.
I was self-funding in medical school, as was my daughter. She also got a full ride scholarship to Stanford, so instead of paying for her education I bought her a house and car.
(My son got a full ride too - USAFA, class of 2000. He got a house too. And a car.)
But most medical students I've dealt with had (back then) $100k or near it in undergrad debt, then medical school can easily reach $300k these days. So young doctors when they get their first job (as a resident, making under $60-70k these days, and not having either a license (need at least one year of post-grad training) or time for a side job, they need to live....while working 100 hours a week.
Now, most residencies are longer than 3 years, some can go 12. Then they start making decent money (depending on specialty, $150k and up), and have a half-million in unpaid loans to pay off.
They can decide after 12 or more years of education (college, med school, residency) to start living, or start paying down their loans. Most take a 20-25 year plan to pay them off.
How many slots for the listed professions are taken up by foreign nationals?
How many by self funders such as your daughter?
You mention "these days"...What were the comparative costs prior to Obama opening the flood gates to.easy credit?
Medical residency training is funded through medicare, and they set the numbers. It's been that way for a pretty long time (since 1965), and they set the pay (which is mostly the same across the country, slight changes based on area costs). When I was a resident I was getting paid around $20k a year, 40 years later it starts at $60k (look up PGY-1 salaries for current numbers).
Now, within that, medical students apply for residencies at various teaching hospitals that are approved for the specialty they want, and through an arcane and obscure process called the National Match (Match day is coming up next month!) they are selected or not. My specialty (Emergency Medicine) always had more applicants than slots, until just a couple of years ago.
Almost all applicants can get a slot doing SOMETHING, SOMEWHERE, the lower valued specialties (primary care/peds/psych/internal medicine, usually) almost always have some slots begging. The Match has a scramble day to let those who didn't get selected find themselves a slot.
Students spend some time in their third and fourth years interviewing at various programs, depending on their transcripts, medical board scores (step 1) letters of recommendation, interview evals, school, etc they are selected or not.
Generally, US grad students are selected before FMG (Foreign Medical Grads), which are selected before foreign physicians desiring to move. Since the selection is dependent at least in part on the medical board scores it's fairly equitable.
Thanks for the info.
All that is after the expense of getting the degrees in the first place.
How does that cost compare prior to the Obama college loans?
How many foreign nationals...and or other self funded folks such as your daughter in those programs...versus the US kids expecting to make it all happen with loans?
https://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2026/02/16/steve_cortes_us_colleges_training_chinas_elites_at_americas_expense.html
"We don't even know exactly, but at least 300,000 Chinese nationals are studying at universities in the United States," Cortes said. "First, they're taking opportunities from American young people at these really selective schools. There are a finite number of spots."
"Oh, yes they do. By choice, mostly."
Sure. Because their expected income makes it a viable ROI.
I haven't been talking about them...
How are the medieval art majors faring?
Guess again:
Professions with the highest student loan debt 10 years after graduation are dominated by specialized medical and legal fields requiring advanced degrees, often exceeding $200,000–$500,000+ in debt. Top roles include orthodontists, oral surgeons, and other dental specialists, followed by physicians, veterinarians, and lawyers, according to Student Loan Planner and SoFi.
SoFi
SoFi
+3
Highest Debt Professions (10+ Years Post-Graduation):
Orthodontists: Average debt often exceeds $600,000, with monthly payments reaching over $6,600.
Oral Surgeons & Periodontists: Average debt for these dental specialists ranges from $580,000 to nearly $600,000.
Physicians & Surgeons: Medical school graduates often carry $250,000–$400,000 in debt.
Veterinarians: Average debt is approximately $179,505, often leading to high debt-to-income stress.
Pharmacists: PhDs in Pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences have median debts often exceeding $300,000.
Lawyers: Law school graduates frequently carry $120,000–$200,000+ in debt.
Education Data Initiative
Education Data Initiative
+6
The relatively few American citizens matriculating in those roles don't appear to be flooding the food bank lines.
It's not that crowd ...lots of foreign nationals there... that I hear complaining about being hindered by crushing college debt.
You are a loan officer or collections rep?
Have I touched a nerve?
Somebody around alot of young people Andy.
"Professions with the highest student loan debt 10 years after graduation are dominated by specialized medical and legal fields"
That small cohort where the investment reaps a significant surplus 10 years on.
The problem for vets is certain areas don't have enough steady work to support one while paying off what they owe.
And pharmacy used to be a 5-year BS plus 1500 hours residency, which could be done as a pharmacy technician, so you could eat. That's all been changed.
But politicians will just complain about the educational-industrial complex, they won't really take it on and change it.
My wife was a D. Pharm - 4 year university degree, 4 years pharmacy degree, 2 years residency.
Local talk host used to say pharmacist as one of the jobs worth being in debt for. Local pharmacist called in and told him how it's changed. 3 more years of schooling plus the unpaid internship. Like I said, it needs to change, but politicians won't want to give up the issue of complaining about colleges.
Yeah, pharmacy used to be a bastion of free market capitalism. The town pharmacist owned his own business, and ran it on his own.
That ended 30 or more years ago. Very few such pharmacists still exist, and they generally have some specialty: Compounding (mixing drugs on site) is one such.
Now it's mostly corporations, because they have the market ability to get good pricing on drugs through large purchases. Walmart and Costco are the largest, probably: But they don't do compounding and odds are you'll never see a D. Pharm.
My wife did retail pharmacy for a few years but mostly was hospital based, and she particularly liked compounding. That meant she had a salary and didn't have to 'run the business'.
Excellent points and yes, requires actual follow through to achieve. Something the political and military class aren't good at. Unless this is approached as "needs to be done yesterday " it will take many years to bear fruit. I don't think we have years.
Modern Americans just don't realize how Maritime this land is.
Of course, the early colonial period sea voyages are well known, but how many know that ages before then...Back when the original "Founders' first stole this land...
It happened by boat:
https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/archaeology/a69160891/new-evidence-first-americans-japan/
New Evidence Suggests the First Americans Didn’t Walk From Siberia—They Sailed From Japan
While more evidence is needed to link paleo-Americans to Japan, it is possible that they came by boat instead of crossing the Bering Land Bridge as previously thought.
By Elizabeth Rayne
Published: Oct 29, 2025 2:00 PM EDT
https://www.aip.org/inside-science/mounting-evidence-suggests-people-first-came-to-north-america-by-boat
Mounting Evidence Suggests People First Came to North America by Boat
AUG 29, 2019
Artifacts found in Idaho support theory that humans reached the Americas before a land route to Asia existed.
We have more than 8 yards that can build a ship over 400 feet and we have innumerable others that can build smaller craft like the MASC ships. We need our annual shipbuilding surveys back and made public. Let someone who gets paid do it. I'll get burnt out trying to do so.
Do we? Tell the authors of this plan.